Annotating your sequence from a custom annotation database.

从数据库工具中的注释,您可以通过在数据库中把从其他“类似的”序列注释功能(Geneious执行一个爆炸般的比较,以检测相似)自动注释的一个或多个序列。  

默认情况下, Geneious Plasmid Features数据库将用作注释 Source 该数据库包含常见质粒特征的完整列表,包括启动子、终止子、标签、rep 起源和标记基因。 

除此之外,您还可以创建和使用自己的注释数据库。我们建议您将个人注释数据库放在参考要素文件夹中,以便于查找和访问。参考要素文件夹将始终位于本地文件夹的底部。

Screen_Shot_2020-11-27_at_8.59.28_AM.pngTo create a custom database to "annotate from", create a new folder in Geneious and place in it the sequences you want to use as the source.  这些序列可以是带注释或不带注释的核苷酸或蛋白质序列,例如从Genbank下载的参考基因组,肽列表,BLAST命中序列或您自己以前注释的序列。  

要从您的自定义数据库文件夹中注释序列:

  1. Select the sequence(s) you want to annotate and go to theScreen_Shot_2020-11-27_at_8.57.02_AM.png Live Annotate & Predict tab on the right hand side of the sequence view (or alignment view) window, and tick the box next to Annotate From...  
    Note that if the sequence you want to annotate is a list of more than 100 sequences, you will need to open Annotate from Database via the Annotate and Predict menu.  
  2. 单击标签来源旁边的文件夹名称: 
  3. 在出现的窗口中,选择放置要注释的序列的文件夹,然后单击“确定”。
  4. 选择最佳匹配允许您只传输最佳“匹配”。如果源数据库(相同类型)中的多个注释在目标序列的同一区域内相互重叠,则仅注释这些中最接近的匹配。覆盖同一区域的所有引物注释总是被注释。

image424.png

5If necessary, adjust the Similarity slider until you see a preview of the annotations on your sequence.  预览时,这些将淡出。

6单击“ 应用” 将注释添加到您的序列中(注释随后应以深色显示)。如果只想应用某些注释,请在单击“应用”之前选择所需的注释(直接在序列上或在注释表中)。  

 

Screen_Shot_2020-11-27_at_8.56.09_AM.png

转移的注释随后会出现,其中包含全面的注释限定符选择,详细说明转移的注释的来源,以及一个允许您查看目标区域和匹配注释的对齐方式的超链接。

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高级选项

高级选项(在应用按钮旁边)使您能够将操作限制为特定的注释类型、设置索引长度或调整 CDS 边界和最佳匹配的参数。  

*要在 Source 文件夹中使用未注释的序列(Geneious Prime 2019.2 以后),请打开选项“未注释的序列(转移为 Misc Feature type annotations”。Geneious will then treat sequences without any annotations as though they have an annotation of type ”misc feature” across the full length of the sequence, with the same name as the sequence name, and this will be transferred if there is a match.  

The boundaries of CDS annotations can be automatically adjusted to fit the closest open reading frame, if this is within a specified distance of the Source CDS.  This option can be configured under Adjust CDS boundaries by up to x bp to match nearest ORF.高级首选项还包括一个确定最佳匹配阈值的可调值。

Screen_Shot_2020-11-27_at_9.03.42_AM.png

If you are annotating small genomes with features that are longer than 50bp, we recommend setting the Index Length to the maximum value of 15 for nucleotides or 6 for proteins .这将加快对较大序列的搜索。Similarly, if your features are very short (less than 20bp) you may need to adjust the Index length down in order to find the matches.                                 

 

使用蛋白质序列数据库注释核苷酸序列。

If you wish to use a set of protein sequences to annotate your nucleotide sequences, open the Advanced options and ensure that the Protein Sequences option is checked.  Your nucleotide query sequence/s will be translated in all 6 frames for comparison to the protein sequences in the Source folder. 

Screen_Shot_2020-11-27_at_9.07.44_AM.png

使用blast注释您的序列。  

如果您希望通过BLASTing先前鉴定的ORF注释基因组,则可以使用Database中的Annotate将BLAST的结果转移回您的基因组。  如果您要通过使用blastx对数据库进行BLAST注释来注释核苷酸序列列表,则也可以使用此过程。 

下面的屏幕截图显示了在线粒体基因组上标注的一组ORF。  要通过BLAST对其进行批注,请选择所有ORF(从“批注”表或直接在序列上),然后执行批处理BLAST搜索,返回带有批注的匹配区域(请参见底部屏幕截图)。  

Annotate_from_BLAST2.png

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BLAST结果的注释不能直接转移回原始的线粒体序列,因为BLAST结果与原始基因组之间的链接是通过在BLAST过程中提取ORF来断开的。  但是,BLAST结果文件夹可以用作数据库注释的来源。   

Select your original genome sequence where your ORFs were annotated, enable Annotate from Database, and select the BLAST result folder as the Source.As the results for each ORF are contained in a subfolder, open the Advanced options and ensure “Include subfolders” is checked.  Also, add the Source annotation type to the list of types not to annotate (as this is specific to the BLAST hit and not the query sequence).  

Screen_Shot_2020-11-27_at_9.14.11_AM.png

然后,您应该看到来自BLAST命中的注释出现在序列上。  Don’t forget to click Apply to add them to the sequence.  

 

译者水平有限,译文可能有瑕疵,以英文为准!
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